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Employment & Labor Law for Public Safety Agencies
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Strikes and Retaliation
Court annuls disciplinary action taken
against New Jersey police officers who participated in a mass sick call
because management waited beyond the statutory 45-day minimum to initiate
administrative charges. Aristizibal v. City of Atlantic City, #ATL-L-289-05,
380 N.J. Super. 405, 882 A.2d 436, 2005 N.J. Super. Lexis 294 (2005). {N/R}
Labor board finds
inadequate proof that police officers were engaging in a job action to
protest stalled wage negotiation, even though the ratio of traffic citations
to written warnings fell substantially. Danvers PBA and Town of Danvers,
#SI-04-270 (MLRC 2004).[2005 FP Jan]
$45 million award against a union
for ignoring a back-to-work order is affirmed. American Airlines v. Allied
Pilots, 228 F.3d 574, 2000 U.S. App. Lexis 23581, 165 LRRM (BNA) 2449 (5th
Cir. 2000); cert. den., #00-1016, 69 L.W. 3574 (2/26/2001). [2001 FP 45]
Michigan appellate court rejects U.L.P. charge;
public employers are not required to bargain with a union during an illegal
strike. Melvindale-Northern Teachers v. M-N Public Schools, 216 Mich.App.
31, 549 N.W.2d 6, 1996 Mich.App. Lexis 75. [1996 FP 140]
Fed. appeals ct. overturns Presidential Executive
Order 12954 (60 FR 13023) which prevents federal contractors from permanently
replacing workers who participate in a lawful strike. Order conflicts with
the Natl. Labor Rltns. Act. Chamber of Commerce v. Reich, 1996 U.S.App.
Lexis 1453, 74 F.3d 1322 (D.C. Cir.). {N/R}
Federal appeals court rejects constitutional
challenges to the permanent ban on agency reemployment imposed on striking
air traffic controllers. Dehainaut v. Pena, 32 F.3d 1066 (7th Cir. 1994).
[1995 FP 13]
Superior Court enjoins LAPD "blue flu"
job action. Los Angeles (City of) v. L.A. Police Protective League, L.A.
Super. Ct. #BC093703, 31 (1542) G.E.R.R. (BNA) 1557 (1993). [1994 FP 61]
Municipal Labor Board rules that a "blue
flu" sickout was an unlawful strike. City of Albuquerque and Albuq.
Police Ofcrs. Assn., 30 (1454) G.E.R.R. (BNA) 298 (2/20/92). [1992 FP 77]
Federal appeals panel holds that post-employment
acts by employer's agents were not actionable under Title VII. Reed v.
Shepard, 939 F.2d 484 (7th Cir. 1991).
Woman police officer who played a prominent
role in sex discrimination litigation was passed over for promotion. Court
orders her promotion; back pay differential awarded. U.S. v. City of Montgomery,
755 F.Supp. 1522 (M.D.Ala. 1990). [1992 FP 44-5]
Evidence failed to support a fear that a
strike by county corrections officers and radio technicians would pose
a threat to community. Emergency replacements could assigned to road patrol
deputies, extending shifts, transferring prisoners and requesting assistance
from the state police. Co. of Kent .Sheriff and Kent Co. Dep. Sheriff's
Assn., #UC90-B-13, 4 MPER (LRP) P22,088, 1991 MPER (LRP) Lexis 92 (Mich.
Emp. Rel. Cmsn. 1991). {N/R}
California Appeals Court rejects widespread
claims of illness; police "sick-ins" are illegal and courts may
enjoin them. City of Santa Ana v. Santa Ana Police Benevolent Assn., 207
C.A.3d 1568, 255 Cal.Rptr. 688 (1989).
Subway passengers alleging wrongful arrests
by transit police seeking to obtain job promotions stated civil RICO claim.
Yeadon v. NYC Transit Authority, 719 F.Supp. 204 (S.D.N.Y. 1989). {N/R}
Lieutenant, fired for reporting improprieties
to Attorney General, awarded $882,272 in compensatory damages plus $50,000
in punitive relief against police chief. Wulf v. City of Wichita, 644 F.Supp.
1211 (D. Kan. 1986).
Employees who are disciplined or terminated
for reporting misconduct of superiors have a valid federal civil rights
claim. Abernathy v. City of Cartersville, Ga., 642 F.Supp. 529 (N.D. Ga.
1986).
Transfer in retaliation for testifying about
racism, constituted a valid title VII claim. Rode v. Dellarciprete, 646
F.Supp. 876 (M.D. Pa. 1986).
California Supreme Court reverses four million
dollar verdict against public employee union sued for an illegal strike.
City & Co. of San Francisco v. Plumbers Local 38, 726 P.2d 538, 230
Cal.Rptr. 856 (1986).
Illinois appellate court affirms right to
sue striking fire union for death claims. Rivard v. Chicago Firefighters
Union, L-2 and IAFF, 145 Ill.App.3d 207, 494 N.E.2d 756 (1986).
California Supreme Court upholds right of
public employees to strike; firefighters and police officers excepted.
Civilian police and fire employees might have right to strike. County Sanitation
Dist. v. L.A. County Employees Assn., 699 P.2d 835, 214 Cal.Rptr. 424 (1985).
Appellate court absolves union of damages
and costs for illegal strike; union had terminated steward promptly. Dade
County PBA v. County of Homestead, 444 So.2d 465 (Fla. App. 1984).
Fired striking workers not entitled to trial
on issue of punishment because they were warned of penalty. Hendon v. City
of Florence, 417 So.2d 191 (Ala. 1982).
San Francisco jury awards city over four
million against union for 1976 strike. San Francisco v. Plumbers"
Union Local 38, Super. Ct. S.F. Ca. (March 1982).
City could fire striking workers without
a pretermination hearing and revoke recognition of union as representative.
International BEW Local 1245 v. City of Gridley, 175 Cal.Rptr. 274 (App.
1981).
Appellate court upholds jail sentence and
fine against Chicago firefighters for illegal strike. City of Chicago v.
Chicago Fire Fighters Union Local 2, 99 Ill.App.3d 583, 425 N.E.2d 1071
(Ill.App. 1981).
Florida fines police union and assesses attorneys
fees for one-day police strike in Homestead. City of Homestead v. Dade
Co. Police Ben. Assn., Fla. PERC Case CB-80-018, G.E.R.R. 937:17 (1981).
Striking police and fire unions not liable
for death of bus driver. Maidlow v. City of Toledo, (unpublished decision)
G.E.R.R. (BNA) 952:22, Ct. App. 6th Dist. of Ohio, #L-81-120 (12/4/81).
"The Emotionally Troubled Employee,"
(1976) and "When Stress Becomes Distress; Mental Disabilities Under
Worker's Compensation in Massachusetts," 15 New Eng. L. Rev. 287 (1980).
New York court refuses to hold that ticket
blitz is a strike, merely increased productivity. Purcell v. Greenwald,
Nassau Co. Sup. Ct. #23538, (Misc. 1980).
City not entitled to damages from union due
to "illegal" strike. City of Fairmont v. Retail W & DS Union,
et al., 1979-80 (CCH) PBC ¶ 37,157 (W. Va. 1980).
Statements of union leaders during strike
can be sued to show union complicity. Police Benevolent Assn. of Yonkers
v. New York St. Public Emplmnt. Rltns. Bd., 412 N.E.2d 382, 51 N.Y.2d 779
(N.Y. 1980).
Employer under no duty to bargain with certified
union during pendency of strike. Independent School Dist. 89 v. Oklahoma
City Fed. of Teachers, 612 P.2d 719 (Okla. 1980).
Officer, dismissed for publicly advocating
an illegal strike, is entitled to reinstatement. Tygrett v. Barry, 627
F 2d 1279 (D.C. Cir. 1980).
Union officials entitled to city pay during
strike when engaged in work stoppage negotiations. Toledo Fire Fighters
Local 92 and City of Toledo, FMCS Case #7K-24776 (Young, 1980).
Supreme court rules that national union has
no obligation to end illegal strikes of its locals. Carbon Fuel Co. v.
United Mine Workers, 100 S.Ct. 410 (Dec. 1979).
Non-striking firefighters awarded double
pay; arbitrator sustains award as non-discriminatory. City of Danville,
Illinois and Intern. Assn. of Fire Fighters Local 429, 78-1 ARB ¶
8128, 77-78 PBC (CCH) ¶ 45,054.
New York appellate court upholds forfeiture
of dues checkoff privileges as penalty for illegal strike. Dutchess Co.
Employees" Unit, CSEA v. Helsby, 403 N.Y.S.2d 823 (A.D. 1978).
Court cannot refuse to issue injunction against
strike because city refuses to bargain. Township of Teaneck v. Local 42,
F.M.B.A., 158 N.J. Super. 131, 385 A.2d 900 (1978).
Idaho Supreme Court upholds firefighter strike;
orders reinstatement of terminated employees. Local 1494 Int. Assn. of
Fire Fighters v. City of Coeur d'Alene, 586 P.2d 1346 (Ida. 1978).
Honoring other picket lines unlawful. State
of New Hampshire v. Manchester Firefighters Assn. L-856 IAFF, Case #M-0520,
Decision #780040, 1977-78 PBC ¶ 40,563 (1978).
Kentucky Supreme Court upholds $10,000 fine
against Lexington Firefighters" Union; imposed for illegal strike
in 1974. Intern. Assn. of Fire Fighters Local 526 AFL-CIO v. Lexington-Fayette
Urban Co. Gov't, 555 S.W.2d 258 (Ky. 1977).
Amnesty declaration does not prevent charter
amendment providing for dismissal of city employees who strike in future.
San Francisco Fire Fighters Local 798 v. Board of Supervisors of City and
County of San Francisco, 142 Cal.Rptr. 575 (App. 1977).
Normal, Illinois firefighters jailed during
off-duty hours for violation of strike ban. City of Normal v. I.A.F.F.
Local 2442, Cir. Ct. McClean Co. (1977).
Kentucky Appellate Court affirms dismissal
of thirty-two striking Winchester firefighters. Abney v. City of Winchester,
558 S.W.2d 622 (Ky. App. 1977).
California appellate court upholds right
of governmental agency to recover damages from an illegal strike. Pasadena
Unified School Dist. v. Pasadena Fed. of Teachers, 140 Cal.Rptr. 41 (App.
1977).
Dismissal not excessive punishment for strike
action. Hoyt v. Police Commissioner of Baltimore City, 367 A.2d 924 (Md.
App. 1977).
Supreme Court allows mass firings of striking
public employees; board not disqualified from hearing charges. Hortonville
Joint School District v. Hortonville Education Assn., 96 S.Ct. 2308 (1976),
225 N.W.2d 658 reversed.
A city's post-strike agreement with the police
union was enforceable, even though there was no "consideration"
for the contract. Crowley v. San Francisco, 64 Cal.App.3d 450, 1976 Cal.App.
Lexis 2088, 134 Cal.Rptr. 533. {N/R}
Note from physician certifying illness not
enough in New York; strike presumption law determinative. Martin v. Osterman,
373 N.Y.S.2d 894 (A.D. 1975).
California appellate court finds loophole
in anti-strike logic; jail terms for strikers reversed. In re Webb, 124
Cal.Rptr. 773 (Cal.App. 1975).
Federal appeals court affirms outright firing
of probationary firefighters and immediate suspension of tenured employees;
evidence supported dismissal of sixty. Burnley v. Thompson, 524 F.2d 1233
(5th Cir. Dec. 24, 1975).
$650,000 fine against IAFF local reduced
to $400,000. Contempt citation for illegal strike upheld. City of New York
v. Vizzini, 373 N.Y.S.2d 577 (A.D. 1975).
San Francisco mayor settles police-fire strike
with 13% pay increase; court rules "emergency situation" existed.
Verreros v. Alioto, Superior Court, C & C of San Francisco (Cal. 1975).
Indiana appellate court sets standards for
injunctive relief during strikes and threatened strikes. Atlantic Richfield
Co. v. Oil, Chem. & Atom. Wrkrs. Int'l., 447 F.2d 945 at 947 (7th Cir.
1971).
See also: First Amendment
Related; Free Speech; Picketing.