AELE LAW LIBRARY OF CASE SUMMARIES:
Employment & Labor Law for Public Safety Agencies
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Disciplinary Procedures - Delays & Time Limits
A conversation between a grievant and
the fire chief does not extend the period to file a disciplinary grievance,
as limited by the bargaining agreement. IAFF L-863 and City of Newton,
AAA #11-390-00347-09 (Hanson, 2010).
A 180-day time limit for initiating disciplinary
actions applies to complaints from outside the agency, and not to charges
that are generated internally. McQuade v. Dept. of Corrections, #1D10-507,
32010 Fla. App. Lexis 18677 (1st Dist.).
A conversation between a grievant and
the fire chief does not extend the period to file a disciplinary grievance,
as limited by the bargaining agreement. IAFF L-863 and City of Newton,
AAA #11-390-00347-09 (Hanson, 2010).
California appellate court revives disciplinary
counts against an LAPD detective. The delay in initiating administrative
proceedings against him was tolled by an ongoing criminal investigation,
even if no criminal charges resulted. "The question of what constitutes
a criminal investigation logically focuses on whether the conduct at issue
is potentially criminal, not whether the resulting charges amount to crimes."
An additional count of making false statements was properly filed, where
the statement was made before expiration of the statute of limitations
on the underlying conduct. Crawford v. City of Los Angeles, #B210821, 2009
Cal. App. Lexis 1002 (2d Dist.).
Appellate court denies
relief to an ex LAPD officer who was charged a year and 13 days after discovering
his misconduct. The one-year limitation in the city charter was extended
by the months-long criminal investigation. Lucio v. City of Los Angeles,
#B201511, 2008 Cal. App. Lexis 2460 (2nd Dist).
Arbitrator annuls suspension of an off-duty officer
accused of conduct unbecoming because management failed to initiate disciplinary
action within the time limits required under the bargaining agreement.
Central State Univ. Police Dept., Ohio and Frat. Order of Police Ohio Labor
Council, FMCS Case #08/03136, 125 LA (BNA) 981 (Sellman, 2008).
The fact that an order or judgment previously
has been reentered or revised in an immaterial way does not extend the
time for which review must be sought. Peo. ex rel. Madigan v. Illinois
Commerce Cmsn., #105131, 2008 Ill. Lexis 1432, citing Federal Trade Cmsn.
v. Minneapolis-Honeywell, 344 U.S. 206 at 211 (1952).
Arbitrator finds that a grievance arising
from the termination of a campus police officer was not arbitrable because
union waited for more than 11 months beyond the deadline before requesting
a review. Cuyahoga Community College and AFSCME C-8, AAA Case #53-390-00314-07,
124 LA (BNA) 1802 (Skulina, 2008).
Federal appeals court rejects a former Customs
Service employee's attempt, filed in March 2007, to overturn a Dec. 1998
termination settlement agreement. The employee did not bring a timely appeal
and failed to provide evidence of good cause for filing an untimely petition.
Whitworth v. Merit Systems Protection Board, #2008-3032, 2008 U.S. App.
Lexis 4966 (Unpub. Fed. Cir.), affirming 2007 M.S.P.B. 190, 106 M.S.P.R.
401.
Because an officer's improper access of criminal
history information was not criminal, accesses more than two years before
disciplinary charges were filed could not be punished. Chrisman v. City
of Los Angeles, #B184689, 2007 Cal. App. Lexis 1521 (2nd Dist.).
Arbitration of a grievance two years after
it is filed is contrary to the intent of the bargaining process, but a
long delay, by itself, does not necessarily make a grievance inarbitrable.
Cook County/Sheriff and SEIU L-73, 123 LA (BNA) 1674 (Wolff, 2007).
N.J. Supreme Court clarifies time limitations
on disciplinary complaints. N.J.S.A. 53:1-33 requires that disciplinary
charges against state troopers must be brought within 45 days from the
date management obtains "sufficient information" on which to
base disciplinary action -- except where there is a criminal investigation
the applicable time limit begins on the day after the disposition of the
criminal investigation. Roberts v. New Jersey Div. of State Police, #A-62-ST2006,
191 N.J. 516, 924 A.2d 550, 2007 N.J. Lexis 704.
Management should object to the timeliness
of a grievance at the time it is filed, or promptly thereafter. Arbitrator
holds that where management fails to raise an objection prior to the arbitration
hearing, the issue of timeliness is waived. Dept. of Homeland Security
(Customs) and AFGE L-2724, Case #06-03893-8, 123 LA (BNA) 1524 (Skulina,
2007).
Police officer, who was suspended indefinitely
after criminal charges were filed against him did not file a timely claim
for reinstatement, where he waited 11 months after expiration of a 30-day
period of suspension authorized by N.Y. Civil Service Law § 75 (3).
Dorsey v. Coleman, #501741, 2007 NY Slip Op 3821, 40 A.D.2d 1187, 834 N.Y.
Supp.2d 743, 2007 N.Y. App. Div. Lexis 5446, 26 IER Cases (BNA) 395 (3rd
App. Dept.).
The time set to file an appeal is not excused
simply because the employee's attorney was negligent, unless the employee
acts promptly to correct the failure to file an appeal. Helmstetter v.
Dept. of Homeland Security, #PH-0752-04-0067-I-2, 2007 MSPB 147 (MSPB 2007).
California appellate court holds that lying
during an internal interview is a separate offense from the misconduct
under investigation; the two do not merge and the time for counting the
limitation period begins with the date of interview. Cal. Dept. of Corr.
v. Cal. State Pers. Bd., #F048806, 147 Cal. App.4th 797, 54 Cal.Rptr.3d
665, 2007 Cal. App. Lexis 192 (5th App. Dist. 2007).
Appellate court orders dismissal of disciplinary
charges against San Francisco police officers because (1) the statute of
limitations bars the proceeding and (2) the SFPD failed to conduct a timely
review of the charges in conformity with its own internal regulations.
Bettencourt v. C&C of San Francisco, # A112880, 2007 Cal. App. Lexis
50 (1st App. Dist. 2007). [N/R]
Court annuls disciplinary action taken against
New Jersey police officers who participated in a mass sick call because
management waited beyond the statutory 45-day minimum to initiate administrative
charges. Aristizibal v. City of Atlantic City, #ATL-L-289-05, 380 N.J.
Super. 405, 882 A.2d 436, 2005 N.J. Super. Lexis 294 (2005). {N/R}
Federal appeals court reinstates a late appeal
of a former IRS employee who suffered from "severe depression"
and which worsened after his firing. He was entitled to an evidentiary
hearing on whether he was competent to understand and comply with the appellate
deadlines. Stout v. Merit Systems Protection Board, #04-3127, 2004 U.S.
App. Lexis 24381 (Fed.Cir. 2004). {N/R}
New Jersey appellate court holds in two cases that
disciplinary charges should not be dismissed because the hearings were
not held within the 30-day period provided by law. Where the officers were
not prejudiced and the delay is not a contrivance, neither the bargaining
agreement, state statutes, nor case law compel the dismissal of the charges.
Goodman v. Dept. of Corrections, #A-2123-02T5, 844 A.2d 543 (NJ App. Div.
2004); and In the Matter of the Arbitration Between FOP L-97 and Gloucester
County Sheriff's Office, # A-1862-02T2, 364 N.J. Super. 294, 835 A.2d 687
(N.J. Super. 2003). {N/R}
City ordered to reinstate a municipal police
officer that was convicted of abusing a citizen. The fact that management
deferred to a parallel criminal by the state police did not excuse providing
the officer with the complaints and other documents within the time periods
required under the bargaining agreement. City of Ansonia and Stanley, Case
#2003-A-0141 (Conn. Bd. Arb. 2003). [2004 FP Feb]
Appellate court reverses disciplinary
action against an officer who allegedly engaged in a sex act in a public
restroom, because management delayed serving him with formal charges. The
union contract required action within 60 working days after his acquittal
of criminal charges. In the Matter of Piper, #18336, 142 Ohio App.3d 765,
757 N.E.2d 3, 2001 Ohio App. Lexis 2209 (2d Dist. Ohio App. 2001). [2002
FP Mar]
For a second time, an appellate court reinstates
the punishment for 28 firefighters, although disciplinary action was delayed
beyond the period authorized in the bargaining agreement. In so holding,
the court overturned an arbitrator's award that annulled the punishment,
because it was contrary to a "well defined, dominant public policy."
Chicago Fire Fighters L-2 v. City of Chicago, #1-99-2647, 323 Ill. App.3d
168, 751 N.E.2d 1169, 168 LRRM (BNA) 2194, 2001 Ill. App. Lexis 401 (1st
Dist., 2001). Prior decision at 735 N.E.2d 108, 2000 Ill. App. Lexis 674,
165 LRRM (BNA) 2100. [2001 FP 100-1; see also 2000 FP 165-6 and 1999 FP
38-9]
Appellate court overturns arbitrator's decision
to reinstate an officer who had engaged in polygamy and made false statements.
The fact the criminal statute of limitations applied has no application
to employment terminations. Sheriff of Lenawee Co v. Police Ofcrs. Labor
Council, #211705, 239 Mich. App. 111, 607 N.W.2d 742, 1999 Mich. App. Lexis
334, 163 LRRM (BNA) 2952. [2000 FP 86-7]
A police lieutenant's appeal was not untimely
where the official notice of his termination was sent to his attorney,
and not to him. Statute required notification of the employee. Herman v.
Los Ang. Co., 84 Cal.Rptr.2d 14 (App. 1999). {N/R}
Grievance challenging a police officer's
suspension was arbitrable, even though it took longer than 60 days specified
in collective-bargaining contract to conduct the hearing. Joliet and IL
FOP, 112 LA (BNA) 468, FMCS Case # 99/1020-00692-A (Perkovich,1999). {N/R}
California rejects federal rule; time limit
for filing a "constructive" termination suit begins when an employee
leaves the job, not when the conditions become intolerable. Mullins v.
Rockwell Intl. Corp., 1997 Cal. Lexis 2547, 936 P.2d 1246, 15 Cal.4th 731.
[1997 FP 109-10]
A stipulated 60-day period for a hearing
on the breach of a last chance agreement should not be rigidly enforced,
where the grievant suffered no prejudice by the delay. Detroit (City of)
and DPOA, 106 LA (BNA) 1131 (Brown, 1996). [1996 FP 165-6]
Michigan's 90-day limitation on disciplinary
action starts running when the misconduct is discovered. Goodridge v. Ypsilanti
Twp., 547 N.W.2d 668 (Mich. 1996). {N/R}
Arbitrator sets aside an officer's punishment
because the city violated statute of limitation. Houston (City of) and
H. Police Ptlmns. Union, AAA #70-390-0075-94, 105 LA (BNA) 120 (Moore,
1995). [1996 FP 3-4]
Arbitrator and court reinstate a Miami officer
who killed two citizens; city charged him twice on the same facts. $975,000
in back pay and legal fees ordered. Miami (City of) and F.O.P. Lodge 20,
FMCS #94-19742 (Abrams, 1994) and F.O.P. L-20 v. City of Miami, Dade Co.
#95-721 CA 08 (Fla.Cir.Ct. 1995); 33 (1601) G.E.R.R. (BNA) 194. [1995 FP
101]
Five years was not too long between incident
and the disciplinary hearing, unless the officer could show actual prejudice;
“laches” defense rejected. Van Milligan v. Bd. of Fire & Police Cmsnrs.
of Glenview, 158 Ill.2d 84, 630 N.E.2d 830 (1994); 609 N.E.2d 822 (Ill.App.
1993) reversed. [1994 FP 100-1]
Chief executive cannot extend the period
to bring charges against a service member beyond the period established
by statute. U.S. v. Kossman, 38 M.J. 258 (CMA 1993). {N/R}
Delay of 15 months between the incident and
complaint did not prejudice the accused officer. Civil service board should
have confirmed his termination for mistreatment of a prisoner. City of
Atlanta v. Bell, 425 S.E.2d 325 (Ga.App. 1992). [1993 FP 133-4]
Delay of 2.5 years before discipline was
initiated did not violate chief's rights. City of Bossier v. Gauthier,
512 So.2d 623 (La. App. 1987).
Disciplinary action reversed; agency waited
too long to charge employee. U.S. Dept. of Justice and U.S. Border Patrol
Agents, 78-1 ARB ¶ 8170, 1977-78 PBC (CCH) ¶ 45,095 (Brisco,
1978).